We started by exploring the idea that motion is relative. Now we see that the idea of simultaneity is relative! Events that Al sees as simultaneous in his frame of reference do not appear simultaneous to Em — she sees them happening one after another!
A frame of reference has lines of simultaneity that allow us to assign time coordinates to events in the reference frame. If Al and Em have different lines of simultaneity, then their coordinate systems differ— they assign different coordinates to an event!
Let’s explore that in a bit more detail…